The Contract Deep Dive
The 12 essential clauses that must be in your contract, plus payment schedules that keep you in control.
The S$50,000 Mistake: Signing a Vague Contract
Your renovation contract isn't just paperwork—it's your only legal protection when things go wrong. Yet 68% of homeowners sign contracts without reading beyond the price. This section will transform you into a contract expert in 30 minutes.
Every clause matters. Every word counts. The difference between 'supply and install kitchen cabinets' and a detailed specification can cost you S$10,000 in disputes.
Essential Clause #1: Scope of Work
Why this matters: Material substitution scams cost homeowners S$8,000-S$15,000 on average. Specificity is your protection against inferior materials being passed off as 'equivalent'.
Essential Clause #2: Payment Schedule
The industry's dirty secret: Most contractors push for front-loaded payments because once they have 60% of your money, they have their entire profit margin. The remaining work becomes optional.
Why this matters: Front-loaded payments remove your leverage. Once contractor has majority of money, motivation to complete quality work disappears.
Essential Clause #3: Timeline with Liquidated Damages
Why this matters: Without liquidated damages, contractors have zero incentive to finish on time. With it, a 2-week delay costs them S$1,400.
Essential Clause #4: Material Specifications
Every material must be specified exactly. This is where contractors make their hidden profits through substitution.
Item | Proper Specification | Why It Matters |
---|---|---|
Tiles | Niro Granite NPO1203, 60x60cm homogeneous, 90sqm @ S$4.50/sqft | Prevents substitution with cheaper alternatives |
Laminate | EDL E1 Grade, 0.8mm thickness, Code: specific color | E1 grade ensures low formaldehyde emission |
Paint | Nippon Odourless Premium, 3 coats minimum | Specifies quality and application standard |
Hinges | Blum Model 71B3550 soft-closing | Prevents generic hardware substitution |
Toilet | TOTO C704 one-piece, tornado flush | Exact model prevents downgrades |
Essential Clause #5: Variation Order Procedures
Why this matters: Verbal changes are where budgets explode. One homeowner paid S$12,000 extra for 'minor adjustments' that were never documented.
The Complete Contract Checklist
Critical items: 0/10
Detailed scope of work with specifications
CRITICALProgressive payment schedule (max 20% upfront)
CRITICALFirm start and end dates
CRITICALLiquidated damages clause (min S$100/day)
CRITICALDefects liability period (minimum 6 months)
CRITICALMaterial brands and models specified
CRITICALVariation order procedures
CRITICALMain contractor liability for subcontractors
CRITICALInsurance requirements stated
Termination conditions clearly defined
CRITICALDispute resolution process
CRITICALOwnership of materials upon delivery
Warranty compilation requirements
Site protection responsibilities
Additional Protection Clauses
- Subcontractor Liability: 'Main Contractor bears full responsibility for all subcontractors' work quality, conduct, and damages'
- Insurance Requirements: 'Contractor maintains Public Liability (min S$1M), Workmen's Compensation, and All Risk Insurance'
- Termination Conditions: Clear grounds including work stoppage >7 days, unapproved deviations, failure to rectify defects
- Dispute Resolution Hierarchy: 1) Direct negotiation (14 days), 2) CASE mediation, 3) Small Claims Tribunal, 4) Civil litigation
- Material Ownership: 'All materials become homeowner's property upon delivery to site'